The collapse of the GDR and the unification of the two German states 1989/90 is only possible through changes in the Soviet Union since the mid-80s. In order to save the Soviet Union before the fall begins Mikhail Gorbachev , the new Soviet leader, with major reforms. Gorbachev eventually dispensed to the Soviet domination of the Eastern bloc and seeks to cooperate with the West. He opens the way for a democratization of Eastern Bloc countries. Especially in Poland and Hungary take advantage of new opportunities. From May 1989 Hungary begins with the removal of border fences with Austria. The full opening of the Hungarian border to the West following on 11 September 1989. fly over Hungary in the summer of 1989, tens of thousands of GDR citizens to West Germany.
same time as the mass exodus is also growing opposition movement within the GDR. The civil rights trust on the road and make their demands public - such as the Monday demonstrations in Leipzig.
The celebration of the 40th anniversary of the founding of the GDR on 7 October 1989 will be a fiasco. Besides the official ceremonies are held in many cities demonstrations against the communist regime. And more clearly shows that the not Socialist Unity Party (SED) is more in control. The resignation of Erich Honecker as general secretary of the SED and State Council Chairman on 18 October 1989 heralds the collapse of the SED regime. The successor Egon Krenz it is not possible to stabilize the situation, as the state and party leadership is the influence on the population largely slipped. On 8 November 1989 the Politburo of the SED occurs resign.
With the opening of the Berlin Wall on the evening of 9 November 1989, the reunification of both German states and more likely. Although well-known intellectuals of the GDR for political reform in the GDR advertise, hopes the majority of East Germans to the German unit. The desire for rapid reunification shows the result of the first free parliamentary elections on 18 March 1990. Unique Victor the CDU-led Alliance for Germany that campaigns for the forthcoming accession to the Federal Republic. The new East German government under Prime Minister Lothar de Maiziere starts just trying to create the conditions for reunification. On 18 May 1990 signed the Treaty on economic, monetary and social union . Because the economic system of the GDR reform will not allow that the GDR does so on 1 July 1990 the economic system of the Federal Republic. A little later in Berlin to start the work on the contract agreement . Before the end of negotiations, the People's Chamber act in a Special meeting on 23 August 1990 the accession of the GDR on the scope of the Basic Law on 3 October 1990.
Because of the rights and responsibilities of the four victorious powers of World War II for Germany as a whole and Berlin, reunification is not possible, however, without their consent. Finally, when the Soviet Union recognizes that the reunification is unstoppable, the victorious powers in February 1990 on some joint negotiations with the two German states: the so-called Two Plus Four talks . In the "Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, from 12 September 1990 will be the international legal aspects reunification regulated. Germany to receive back its full sovereignty.
In the night of 3 October 1990 thousands of people celebrating in front of the Reichstag building in Berlin, the accession of the GDR to the Federal Territory. In order for the unified German state is restored after 45 years. The following day together in the Reichstag Building 663 Members of the Bundestag and the People chamber to the first session of the first all-German Bundestag. The election on 2 December 1990 the first free all-German election is since 1932 Unique election winner, the Christian-liberal coalition government under Chancellor Helmut Kohl , On 17 January 1991 elected the first all-German chancellor.
same time as the mass exodus is also growing opposition movement within the GDR. The civil rights trust on the road and make their demands public - such as the Monday demonstrations in Leipzig.
The celebration of the 40th anniversary of the founding of the GDR on 7 October 1989 will be a fiasco. Besides the official ceremonies are held in many cities demonstrations against the communist regime. And more clearly shows that the not Socialist Unity Party (SED) is more in control. The resignation of Erich Honecker as general secretary of the SED and State Council Chairman on 18 October 1989 heralds the collapse of the SED regime. The successor Egon Krenz it is not possible to stabilize the situation, as the state and party leadership is the influence on the population largely slipped. On 8 November 1989 the Politburo of the SED occurs resign.
With the opening of the Berlin Wall on the evening of 9 November 1989, the reunification of both German states and more likely. Although well-known intellectuals of the GDR for political reform in the GDR advertise, hopes the majority of East Germans to the German unit. The desire for rapid reunification shows the result of the first free parliamentary elections on 18 March 1990. Unique Victor the CDU-led Alliance for Germany that campaigns for the forthcoming accession to the Federal Republic. The new East German government under Prime Minister Lothar de Maiziere starts just trying to create the conditions for reunification. On 18 May 1990 signed the Treaty on economic, monetary and social union . Because the economic system of the GDR reform will not allow that the GDR does so on 1 July 1990 the economic system of the Federal Republic. A little later in Berlin to start the work on the contract agreement . Before the end of negotiations, the People's Chamber act in a Special meeting on 23 August 1990 the accession of the GDR on the scope of the Basic Law on 3 October 1990.
Because of the rights and responsibilities of the four victorious powers of World War II for Germany as a whole and Berlin, reunification is not possible, however, without their consent. Finally, when the Soviet Union recognizes that the reunification is unstoppable, the victorious powers in February 1990 on some joint negotiations with the two German states: the so-called Two Plus Four talks . In the "Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, from 12 September 1990 will be the international legal aspects reunification regulated. Germany to receive back its full sovereignty.
In the night of 3 October 1990 thousands of people celebrating in front of the Reichstag building in Berlin, the accession of the GDR to the Federal Territory. In order for the unified German state is restored after 45 years. The following day together in the Reichstag Building 663 Members of the Bundestag and the People chamber to the first session of the first all-German Bundestag. The election on 2 December 1990 the first free all-German election is since 1932 Unique election winner, the Christian-liberal coalition government under Chancellor Helmut Kohl , On 17 January 1991 elected the first all-German chancellor.
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