change and development in East Germany after the era to W. Ulbricht in the 70s and early 80s
change under Honecker
The marked the beginning of the Honecker era 1971 a new section in the GDR history.
Under Honecker, the SED fits return unconditionally to the Soviet leadership and seek to retain the "material and cultural standard of living of the people "increased.
The Eighth Congress of the SED decided in June 1971 the" unity of economic and social policy "and provides new benefits in view.
Behind the FRG back ...
Despite economic achievements remain the standard of living and quality of products in the GDR far behind the West German level back.
foreign exchange shortages and economic crisis
The rise in world prices in the 70 years the economy of the GDR heavily burdened. (see 1973 oil crisis)
In particular, the payment obligations to the west are more oppressive.
With the establishment a range Commercial Coordination (KoKo) in the Ministry of Foreign Trade, the GDR tried to counter the growing foreign debt.
But even the business of international coordination commercials do not stop the chronic Devisennot the GDR.
Honecker Erich Honecker himself ...
occurs already in 1929 with 17 years of the Communist Party. During the Third Reich imprisoned for 10 years, it is 1946 Chairman of the FDJ. As a member of the Politburo of the SED since 1958, Honecker organized the 1961 construction of the Berlin Wall .
1971 he was then elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED and Chairman of the National Defense Council. Honecker took over after 1976 also the chair of the State Council, he is - just like the time Ulbricht - the first man in the state and party of the GDR.
developments in the East: Commercial Coordination (KoKo)
the Collaboration of the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) will be set up in 1966, the area of Commercial Coordination (KoKo) in the Ministry of Foreign Trade.
as head of the procurement of foreign exchange formed KoKo the Secretary of State and Stasi officer Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski is appointed. He builds the KoKo from an opaque to the present economic empire. Even before the dissolution of the KoKo in March 1990 Schalck-Golodkowski then flees on 3 December 1989 to West Berlin, to avoid his imminent arrest.
The GDR is expanding in the 70 years from their trade with the West to modernize its industry.
view of this and because of the explosion in commodity prices on the world market to increase the foreign debt of the GDR rapidly. Not only the imports from the West, but the debt must be paid in foreign exchange.
The procurement of urgently needed foreign exchange is primarily the responsibility of KoKo. To a lesser extent but also the international stores have to cover the amount required in the GDR.
since 1976 under the KoKo in fact in charge of economic affairs member of the Central Committee of the SED Günter Mittag. Except lunch only have General Erich Honecker and the Stasi chief Erich Mielke insight into the otherwise completely out of control operating KoKo.
scared to bring in foreign currency, the KoKo either before the sale of Nazi militaria and cultural objects from the GDR back before the international arms deals.
has also worldwide about 160 companies that generate foreign exchange from 1966-1989, some 29 billion marks - too little, then the collapse of the GDR in 1989 shows.
developments in the East: Intershop, exquisite and delicate
Back in the 60s, there is chronic shortage of foreign currency in the GDR. To bring in foreign currency so in 1962 the State Trading Organisation Intershop was founded. Out at border crossing points, on transit routes and stations established in Intershop's sell for Western currency duty free import of goods to travelers from the "capitalist countries".
The offer of the Inter-Services range from food to clothing, toys and jewelry to cosmetics. In many cases, these products in the GDR or otherwise not to get only low quality.
may by a decree from February 1974 by the Council of Ministers also citizens of the GDR on D-mark and have it for buying into the Intershop.
Since 1979 they have to exchange their money, but West before the East German State Bank Forum in check. Those who have wealthy relatives in the West or in other ways Western currency , Can reach shall acquire the coveted Intershop products.
The emergence of a "two-class society" leads to jealousy on the part of non-exchange reactions owners. Sometimes it even comes to attacks on Intershop.
To collect, the expected dissatisfaction, 1962 Exquisit transactions should be established. They offer - in addition to high-quality DDR products - especially imported textiles and leather goods, but can be paid to Mark of the GDR.
In 1976, then set up the delicate stores for imported food and beverages. While the Intershop about the price level of the Federal Republic of orientation, the prices in the exquisite and delicate stores are greatly exaggerated. Nevertheless, the demand for Western products in the GDR is large. is the end of the 80s, about 250 international stores, 350 Exquisite and delicate about 550 stores.
change under Honecker
The marked the beginning of the Honecker era 1971 a new section in the GDR history.
Under Honecker, the SED fits return unconditionally to the Soviet leadership and seek to retain the "material and cultural standard of living of the people "increased.
The Eighth Congress of the SED decided in June 1971 the" unity of economic and social policy "and provides new benefits in view.
Behind the FRG back ...
Despite economic achievements remain the standard of living and quality of products in the GDR far behind the West German level back.
foreign exchange shortages and economic crisis
The rise in world prices in the 70 years the economy of the GDR heavily burdened. (see 1973 oil crisis)
In particular, the payment obligations to the west are more oppressive.
With the establishment a range Commercial Coordination (KoKo) in the Ministry of Foreign Trade, the GDR tried to counter the growing foreign debt.
But even the business of international coordination commercials do not stop the chronic Devisennot the GDR.
Honecker Erich Honecker himself ...
occurs already in 1929 with 17 years of the Communist Party. During the Third Reich imprisoned for 10 years, it is 1946 Chairman of the FDJ. As a member of the Politburo of the SED since 1958, Honecker organized the 1961 construction of the Berlin Wall .
1971 he was then elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED and Chairman of the National Defense Council. Honecker took over after 1976 also the chair of the State Council, he is - just like the time Ulbricht - the first man in the state and party of the GDR.
developments in the East: Commercial Coordination (KoKo)
the Collaboration of the Ministry for State Security (Stasi) will be set up in 1966, the area of Commercial Coordination (KoKo) in the Ministry of Foreign Trade.
as head of the procurement of foreign exchange formed KoKo the Secretary of State and Stasi officer Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski is appointed. He builds the KoKo from an opaque to the present economic empire. Even before the dissolution of the KoKo in March 1990 Schalck-Golodkowski then flees on 3 December 1989 to West Berlin, to avoid his imminent arrest.
The GDR is expanding in the 70 years from their trade with the West to modernize its industry.
view of this and because of the explosion in commodity prices on the world market to increase the foreign debt of the GDR rapidly. Not only the imports from the West, but the debt must be paid in foreign exchange.
The procurement of urgently needed foreign exchange is primarily the responsibility of KoKo. To a lesser extent but also the international stores have to cover the amount required in the GDR.
since 1976 under the KoKo in fact in charge of economic affairs member of the Central Committee of the SED Günter Mittag. Except lunch only have General Erich Honecker and the Stasi chief Erich Mielke insight into the otherwise completely out of control operating KoKo.
scared to bring in foreign currency, the KoKo either before the sale of Nazi militaria and cultural objects from the GDR back before the international arms deals.
has also worldwide about 160 companies that generate foreign exchange from 1966-1989, some 29 billion marks - too little, then the collapse of the GDR in 1989 shows.
developments in the East: Intershop, exquisite and delicate
Back in the 60s, there is chronic shortage of foreign currency in the GDR. To bring in foreign currency so in 1962 the State Trading Organisation Intershop was founded. Out at border crossing points, on transit routes and stations established in Intershop's sell for Western currency duty free import of goods to travelers from the "capitalist countries".
The offer of the Inter-Services range from food to clothing, toys and jewelry to cosmetics. In many cases, these products in the GDR or otherwise not to get only low quality.
may by a decree from February 1974 by the Council of Ministers also citizens of the GDR on D-mark and have it for buying into the Intershop.
Since 1979 they have to exchange their money, but West before the East German State Bank Forum in check. Those who have wealthy relatives in the West or in other ways Western currency , Can reach shall acquire the coveted Intershop products.
The emergence of a "two-class society" leads to jealousy on the part of non-exchange reactions owners. Sometimes it even comes to attacks on Intershop.
To collect, the expected dissatisfaction, 1962 Exquisit transactions should be established. They offer - in addition to high-quality DDR products - especially imported textiles and leather goods, but can be paid to Mark of the GDR.
In 1976, then set up the delicate stores for imported food and beverages. While the Intershop about the price level of the Federal Republic of orientation, the prices in the exquisite and delicate stores are greatly exaggerated. Nevertheless, the demand for Western products in the GDR is large. is the end of the 80s, about 250 international stores, 350 Exquisite and delicate about 550 stores.
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